Development and Validation of Motivation Scale towards Physics Learning
Abstract views: 1482
/ 
PDF downloads: 1076
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51724/ijpce.v12i4.129Keywords:
Motivation scale development, motivation scale validation, physics education, physics motivation scaleAbstract
This research aims to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the motivation levels for learning. Within the scope of this aim, the study was conducted on Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) at a University level with the participation of 1081 undergraduate pre-service science teachers in Turkey. EFA results show the scale consists of 22 items which are grouped under 3 factors which are Self-Efficacy, Appreciation-Reward, and Value of Learning Physics. The total variance explained by the factors is 53.448%. Cronbach alpha coefficient was found to be .911 for the whole scale. The findings suggest the Motivation Scale towards Physics Learning (MSPL) is a good tool that researchers and instructors can use to efficiently assess students’ motivation to learn physics in universities.
Downloads
References
Ames, C. A. (1990). Motivation: What teachers need to know. Teacher’s College Record, 91(3), 409-421.
Angell, C., Guttersrud, Ø., Henriksen, E. K., & Isnes. A. (2004). Physics: Frightful, but fun, Pupils’ and teachers’ views of Physics and Physics teaching. Science Education, 88(5), 683-706. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.10141
Arseven, A. (2016). Self-efficacy: A concept analysis. Turkish Studies, 11(19), 63-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.10001
Aydın, S., Yerdelen, S., Yalmancı, S.G., & Göksu. V. (2014). Academic Motivation Scale for Learning Biology: A Scale Development Study. Education and Science, 39(176), 425-435. http://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2014.3678
Bandura, A.(1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
Boekaerts, M., & Simons, P. R. J. (1995). Learning and instruction: The psychology of the student and the learning process. (2nd, revised version ed.). Assen: Van Gorcum.
Brophy, J. (1987). On motivating students. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University.
Cannon, R.K., & Simpson, R.D. (1985). Relationships among attitude, motivation and achievement of ability grouped, seventh-grade, life science students. Science Education, 69(2), 121-138. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.3730690203
Cebesoy, Ü.B. (2013). Pre-Service Science Teachers' Perceptions of Self-Regulated Learning in Physics. Turkish Journal of Education, 2(1), 4-18.
Crump, C.A. (1995). Motivating Students: A Teacher's Challenge. Annual Sooner Communication Conference. Norman, OK.
Colclough, N. D., Lock, R., & Soares, A. (2010). Pre‐service Teachers’ Subject Knowledge of and Attitudes about Radioactivity and Ionising Radiation. International Journal of Science Education, 33(3), 423-446. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500691003639905
Çetin Dindar, A., & Geban, Ö. (2015). Adaptation of the Science Motivation Scale into Turkish and Chemistry: Analysis of Validity. Pegem Journal of Education and Training, 5(1), 15-34.
De Lozano, S. R., & Cardenas, M. (2002). Some learning problems concerning the use of symbolic language in physics. Science and Education, 11(6), 589-599. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019643420896
Dede, Y., & Yaman, S. (2008). A Questionnaire for Motivation toward Science Learning: A Validity and Reliability Study. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2(1), 19-37.
Dermitzaki, I., Stavroussi, P., Vavougios, D., & Kotsis, K.T. (2013). Adaptation of the Students' Motivation towards Science Learning (SMTSL) questionnaire in the Greek language. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28(3), 747-766. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-012-0138-1
Ekici, G. (2009). Adaptation of the biology motivation questionnaire to Turkish. Journal of Contemporary Education, 34(365), 6-15.
Elmas, R. (2012). The effect of context based instruction on 9th grade students’ understanding of cleaning materials topic and their attitude toward environment. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara.
Erdoğan, D., Çakır, M., Gürel, C. & Şeker, H. (2015). Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Version of Continuing Motivation for Science Learning Scale. Trakya University Journal of Education Faculty, 5 (2), 125-136.
Eren, E. (2004). Organizational Behavior and Management Psychology. İstanbul: Beta.
Eskicioğlu, A., & Alpat, Ş. (2017). Development of Chemistry Lesson Motivation Scale for Secondary School Students. Journal of Turkish Chemical Society, 2 (2), 185-212.
Field, D. (2000). Qualitative measures for initial meshes. Numerical Mothods in Engineering, 47(4), 88-906.
Fishbane, P. M., Gasiorowicz, S., & Thornton, S .T. (1996). Physics for Scientists and Engineers (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Fortus, D., & Vedder-Weiss, D. (2014). Measuring students’ continuing motivation for science learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 51(4), 497-522. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21136
Gage, N. L., & Berliner, D. C. (1992). Educational Psychology (5th ed.). Boston, MA, US: Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
Glynn, M. S., & Koballa, T. R. (2006). Motivation to Learn College Science. (Ed.; J. J. Mintzes and W. H. Leonard), Handbook of college science teaching. Arlington: VA.
Glynn, M. S., Taasoobshirazi, G., & Brickman, P. (2009). Science motivation questionnaire: construct validation with nonscience majors. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 46 (2), 127-146. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.20267
Glynn, M. S., Brickman, P., Armstrong, N., & Taasoobshirazi, G. (2011).Science motivation questionnaire II: Validation with science majors and nonscience majors. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(10), 1159-1176. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.20442
Guido, R. M. (2013). Attitude and motivation towards learning physics. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 2(11), 2087-294.
Güvendik, F. (2010). The adaptation of the chemistry motivation questionnaire and the investigation of the questionnaire’s structure reliability. Unpublished master's thesis. Gazi University, Ankara.
Hammer, D., & Elby, A. (2003). Tapping epistemological resources for learning physics. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 12(1), 53-90. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327809JLS1201_3
Henson, R. K., & Roberts, J. K. (2006). Use of exploratory analysis in published research: common errors and some comments on improved practice. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(3), 393-416. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282485
Horn, T. (2000). Intrinsic motivation relationships with collegiate athletes gender, scholarship status, and perceptions of their coaches behavior. Journal of sport & exercise psychology, 22(1), 63-84.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Hutcheson, G., & Sofroniou, N. (1999). The Multivariate Social Scientist: Introductory Statistics Using Generalized Linear Models. Sage Publication: Thousand Oaks, CA.
Klassen, R. M., Bong, M., Usher, E. L., Chong, W. H., Huan, V. S., Wong, I. Y. F., & Georgiou, T.(2009). Exploring the validity of a teachers’ self-efficacy scale in five countries. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 34(1), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2008.08.001
İlhan, N., Yıldırım, A., & Yılmaz, S. S. (2012). Chemistry motivation questionnaire: the study of validity and reliability. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 9(18), 297-310.
Lai, C. (2018). Using inquiry-based strategies for enhancing students’ STEM education learning. Journal of Education in Science, Environment and Health, 4(1), 110-117. https://doi.org/10.21891/jeseh.389740
Liu, Y., Ferrell, B., Barbera, J., & Lewis, J.E. (2017). Development and evaluation of a chemistry-specific version of the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS-Chemistry). Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 18, 191–213.
Lynch, D.J. (2006). Motivational factors, learning strategies and resource management as predictors of course grades. College Student Journal, 40(2), 423-428.
Lynch, D.J. (2010). Motivational beliefs and learning strategies as predictors of academic performance in college physics. College Student Journal, 44(4), 920-928.
MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H.M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Method, 1(2), 130–149. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130
Marsh, H. W., & Hocevar, D. (1985). Application of Confirmatory Factor Analysis to the Study of Self-Concept. First- and Higher Order Factor Models and Their Invariance Across Groups. Psychological Bulletin, 97(3), 562–582. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.97.3.562
Maslow, A.H. (1984). A theory of human motivation. American Psychological Association, Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
Ministry of Education. (2019). http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/Programlar.aspx
Mubeen, S., & Reid, N. (2014). The Measurement of motivation with science students. European Journal of Educational Research, 3 (3), 129-144. 10.12973/eu-jer.3.3.129
Önen, S. A., & Ulusoy, F. M. (2014). Developing the context-based chemistry motivation scale: validity and reliability analysis. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 13 (6), 809-820.
Özdemir, E., Kural, M., & Kocakülah, M.S. (2018). Developing a Scale to Measure Secondary School Students’ Motivation. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26 (5), 1497-1507.
Pallant, J. (2001). SPSS Survival Manual. A step-by-step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS for Windows. New South Wales, Australia: Allen & Unwin.
Parham, A. C. (1988). Psychology: Studying the behavior of people. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western Publishing.
Pekdağ, B., Azizoğlu, N., Topal, F., Ağalar, A., & Oran, E. (2013). The effect of academic achievement on the level of associating chemistry knowledge with everyday situations. Kastamonu Education Journal, 21(4), 1275-1286.
Peklaj, C., & Levpuscek, M. P. (2006). Student motivation and academic success in relation to the quality of individual and collaborative work during a course in educational psychology. 31. Association of Teacher Education in Europe: ATTE.
Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk, D. H. (1996). Motivation in education: Theory, research, and application. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk, D.H. (2002). Motivation in education: Theory, research, and applications (2nd edition). NJ: Pearson: Merrill Prentice Hall.
Richards, J. C., Platt, J. H., & Platt, H. (1992). Language teaching and applied linguistics. London: Longman.
Rodil, M. S. P. (2014). Development and validation of an inventory that measures motivated behavior in chemistry. Journal of Education and Practice, 5 (34), 79-85.
Ruthankoon, R., & Ogunlana, S. O. (2003). Testing Herzberg’s two-factor theory in the thai construction. Engineering. Construction and Architectural Management, 10 (5), 333-341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310502946
Ryan, R. M., Stiller, J. D., & Lynch, J. H. (1994). Representations of relationships to teachers, parents, and friends as predictors of academic motivation and self-esteem. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 14(2), 226-249. https://doi.org/10.1177/027243169401400207
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000a). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
Saleh, S. (2014). Malaysian Students’ Motivation towards Physics Learning. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2(4), 223-232.
Schunk, D. H. (2012). Learning theories: an educational perspective. Boston: Pearson.
Seçer, İ. (2015). Psychological test development and adaptation process. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
Singh, K., Graville, M., & Dika, S. (2002). Mathematics and science achievement: Effects of motivation interests and academic engagement. Journal of Educational Research, 95(6), 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220670209596607
Schiefele, U., Krapp, A., & Schreyer, I. (1993a). Metaanalyse des Zusammenhangs von Interesse und schulischer Leistung [A metaanalysis concerning the relation between interest and achievement in school]. Zeitsr fiir Entwicklungspsychologie und Pddagogischer Psychologic, 25(2), 120-148.
Smith, M. U., & Siegel, H. (2004). Knowing, believing, and understanding: What goals for science education. Science Education, 13, 553–582. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SCED.0000042848.14208.bf
Stylianides, A. J., & Stylianides, G. J. (2008). Studying the implementation of tasks in classroom settings: High-level mathematics tasks embedded in “real-life” contexts. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24, 859-875.
Sümer, N. (2000). Structural equation models. Turkish Psychology Articles, 3(6), 49-74.
Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Introduction to structural equation modeling. Ankara: Ekinoks.
Tohidi, H., & Jabbari, M. M. (2012). The effects of motivation in education. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 820-824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.148
Tosun, C. (2013). Adaptation of Chemistry Motivation Questionnaire-II to Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study. Journal of Erzincan University Faculty of Education, 15 (1), 173-202.
Tuan, H. L., Chin, C. C., & Shieh, S. H. (2005). The development of a questionnaire to measure students’ motivation towards science learning. International Journal of Science Education, 27(6), 639-654. https://doi.org/10.1080/0950069042000323737
Urdan, T. (1997). Achievement goal theory: past results, future directions. In M.L. Maehr & P.R. Pintrich (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement, (Vol. 10). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press; 99–141.
Watters, J. J., & Ginns, I. S. (2000). Developing motivation to teach elemantary science: effect of collaborative and authentic learning practices in preservice education. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 11 (4), 277-313. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009429131064
Yılmaz, H., & Çavaş, P. (2007). Reliability and Validity Study of the Students’ Motivation toward Science Learning (SMTSL) Questionnaire. Elementary Education Online, 6(3), 430-440.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright © Authors
